Page 139 - 《华中农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期

第 5 期 李菲菲 等：淹渍胁迫下枳砧温州蜜柑的形态特征和生理响应 133

Morphological characteristics and physiological responses of satsuma
mandarin（Citrus unshiu Marc.）with trifoliate orange rootstock

（Poncirus trifoliate（L.）Raf.）under waterlogging stress

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LI Feifei ,TANG Chaolan ,JIANG Hongmei ,CHEN Peng ,
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HAN Jian ,GUO Lingxia ,XU Yuanyuan ,LU Xiaopeng 2
1.Institute of Horticulture，Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Changsha 410125，China；
2.College of Horticulture，Hunan Agricultural University，Changsha 410128，China；
3.Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Hongjiang City，Hongjiang 418100，China
Abstract The potted adult satsuma mandarin trees were treated under waterlogging stress for 2，5，

10，15，and 20 d and normal irrigation was used as the control to observe the changes of its morphological
and root anatomical characteristics to study the changes of morphological characteristics and physiological re⁃
sponse mechanism of satsuma mandarin（Citrus unshiu Marc.‘Ichifumi Wase’）under waterlogging stress.
The photosynthetic parameters of leaves，the osmotic adjustment substances of leaves and roots，the activity
of anaerobic respiratory enzymes，the content of malondialdehyde and the mineral nutrients of tree were de⁃
termined.The results showed that the root system began to have an odor and the phloem cells were full and
swollen after 5 days of waterlogging.The new and old leaves had appeared different degrees of yellowing，

and the root system began to rot and discolored after 10 days of waterlogging.The tree body withered and
died after being submerged for about 20 days.Compared with the control，the activity of alcohol dehydroge⁃
nase in the root system was significantly increased at the early stage（within 5 days）of waterlogged stress.
The content of free proline，soluble sugar and soluble protein was significantly decreased and maintained at
low levels，and the content of malondialdehyde was significantly higher than that of the control only after 10
days of waterlogging.Under the same treatment conditions，the content of chlorophyll in leaves continued to
decrease with the waterlogging time.The net photosynthetic rate，stomatal conductance，and transpiration
rate of leaves decreased significantly after 10 days of waterlogging，and the concentration of intercellular
CO 2 was significantly increased.The content of free proline，soluble protein，malondialdehyde and the rela⁃
tive electrical conductivity in leaves under waterlogging was significantly higher than that of the control at
the same period for 10-20 d after waterlogging.Under waterlogging stress for 5 and 20 days，the accumula⁃
tion of most mineral nutrients in stems and leaves did not change，and the content of P，K，Ca and Mg in
root decreased significantly compared with the CK.It is indicated that there are significant differences in the
physiological responses of different tissues and organs to waterlogged stress in satsuma aurantium grafted in
trifoliate orange rootstock，and the relative electrical conductivity of leaves and the alcohol dehydrogenase in
root are sensitive to waterlogged stress. Long-term waterlogging stress affects the photosynthetic perfor⁃
mance，the content of osmotic regulation substance and the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase，causing obvi⁃
ous stress symptoms in leaves and roots，resulting in the slow growth and even death of plants.
Keywords satsuma mandarin（Citrus unshiu Marc.）；waterlogging stress；osmotic regulation sub⁃

stances；plant morphology；physiological characteristics

（责任编辑：张志钰）